{"id":11503,"date":"2025-03-17T11:31:23","date_gmt":"2025-03-17T11:31:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/?p=11503"},"modified":"2025-03-18T15:54:08","modified_gmt":"2025-03-18T15:54:08","slug":"transmembrane-proteins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/transmembrane-proteins\/","title":{"rendered":"KACTUS: Transmembrane Proteins"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Background<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

KACTUS has developed two transmembrane protein display platforms:\u00a0virus-like particles (VLPs)\u00a0and\u00a0nanodiscs. These platforms are designed for functional display of multipass transmembrane proteins in their native conformation. KACTUS produce these\u00a0full-length membrane proteins\u00a0using detergent-free extraction methods, which preserve the structural integrity and biological activity of the proteins. Their products are suitable for a range of applications including immunisation, ELISA, yeast display, flow cytometry, and SPR. For these applications, choose from unlabelled,\u00a0biotinylated, or\u00a0fluorescent\u00a0proteins. Additionally, their transmembrane proteins undergo\u00a0bioactivity and purity testing\u00a0using SPR, ELISA, flow cytometry, and HPLC. This ensures functional performance and batch consistency for reproducible results. Researchers can apply these\u00a0products\u00a0to antibody discovery, antibody screening, analytical method development, and immunisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Membrane Protein Technology Platforms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\"Envelope<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Copolymer<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Virus-Like Particle (VLP)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Copolymer Nanodisc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Mammalian-expressed transmembrane proteins displayed on VLPs for native conformation and boosted immunogenicity<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transmembrane proteins expressed on membrane-like structures composed of phospholipids and copolymers<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Virus-like Particle (VLP) Proteins<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are small nanoparticles composed of virus shell or capsid proteins. These proteins self-assemble into virus-like structures, mimicking the organisation and morphology of the actual virus. However, VLPs are absent of viral infectious genomes, making them non-infectious and safe for use in various applications, including antibody immunisation, screening, vaccine development and gene therapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Diagram
Mechanism of expression for VLP-displayed antigens.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Advantages of VLP Proteins<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

VLPs display the target protein in a dense manner on their surface. This boosts the immune response to the target protein, making VLPs useful for immunisation, especially with antigens that are usually present in low amounts or don\u2019t trigger a strong immune reaction by themselves. VLPs also allow for the soluble expression of multipass transmembrane proteins without the use of detergents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Applications<\/h3>\n\n\n\n