{"id":11572,"date":"2025-03-18T10:41:44","date_gmt":"2025-03-18T10:41:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/?p=11572"},"modified":"2025-03-18T15:53:36","modified_gmt":"2025-03-18T15:53:36","slug":"kactus-enzymes-for-rna-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/kactus-enzymes-for-rna-production\/","title":{"rendered":"KACTUS: RNA Synthesis Enzymes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Background<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The key to linear mRNA therapy lies in efficiently synthesising high-quality mRNA in vitro and then delivering mRNA to the human body through a delivery system. The in vitro synthesis of mRNA cannot be done without high-quality raw material enzymes. KACTUS has a particular focus on the mRNA therapy market &amp; have used their unique functional recombinant protein and high-activity enzyme production platform,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/pages\/sams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SAMS\u2122<\/a>, to develop a full series of high-quality raw material enzymes required for in vitro synthesis of mRNA (GMP-Grade &amp; GMP-Ready). Their GMP products&nbsp;have analytical method verification and undergo comprehensive quality release testing to meet the requirements for upstream raw material enzymes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/cdn\/shop\/files\/mRNA_overview.webp?v=1696284144&amp;width=1000\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:472px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 1. Mechanism of action of mRNA vaccines [1].<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading clear\">Enzymes for every step of RNA synthesis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Restriction Endonucleases for Plasmid Linearisation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The template for mRNA in vitro transcription is typically plasmid DNA, and needs to be linearised before transcription. Linearisation ensures the acquisition of mRNA transcripts of definite length and sequence. KACTUS provides\u00a0restriction endonucleases\u00a0such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791813&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=GMP-BSA-EE101\">BsaI<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791808&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=BspQI\">BspQI<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791834&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=KAC-SAP-SE101\">SapI<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791838&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=KAC-XBA-EE101\">XbaI<\/a>, etc., for the preparation of linearised templates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/cdn\/shop\/files\/BsaI_Combined.png?v=1696285084&amp;width=1000\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 2. (Left)&nbsp;BsaI&nbsp;enzyme activity detection. 1\u03bcg of plasmid was added to a 20 \u03bcL system, along with 1 \u03bcL BsaI (well 1 is undiluted, wells 1-11 are serial 2-fold dilutions), and digested for 30 minutes. The enzyme activity is \u226520 kU\/mL. (Right)&nbsp;BsaI&nbsp;star activity detection. 1 \u03bcg of plasmid is added to a 20 \u03bcL system, along with 1 \u03bcL&nbsp;BsaI&nbsp;(well 1 is undiluted; wells 1-11 are serial 2-fold dilutions) and digested for 16 hours. No star activity is observed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/products\/bsai-gmp-grade-gmp-bsa-ee101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In Vitro Transcription (IVT) Reagents<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In Vitro Transcription (IVT) is a technique that generates mRNA by mimicking the internal transcription process enzymatically, using linearised plasmid DNA as a template.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Available Products:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791839&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=MaxPure\">MaxPure\u2122 T7 RNA Polymerase, Research-Grade<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791821&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=GMP-T7P-EE101\">T7 RNA Polymerase, GMP-Grade<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791819&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=GMP-PYR-YE101\">Inorganic Pyrophosphatase, GMP-Grade<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791820&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=Murine%20RNase\">Murine RNase Inhibitor, GMP-Grade<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791815&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=DNase\">DNase I, GMP-Grade<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/cdn\/shop\/files\/MaxPure_T7_dsRNA_withLegend.png?v=1721066336&amp;width=1000\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:469px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 3. The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791821&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=GMP-T7P-EE101\">first generation T7<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791839&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=MaxPure\">second generation Premium T7<\/a>\u00a0were used for co-transcriptional capping on different templates to synthesise mRNA and saRNA of different lengths. After purification by lithium chloride precipitation, the dsRNA content were measured. The results show that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791839&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=All&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=MaxPure\">Premium T7 RNA Polymerase<\/a>\u00a0can effectively reduce the production of dsRNA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/products\/t7-rna-polymerase-v2-0-200u-%CE%BCl-t7p-ee1mp-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a>Note: MaxPure\u2122 T7 RNA Polymerase is the commercial name for Premium T7 RNA Polymerase (RUO\u00a0or\u00a0GMP)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enzymes for Capping &amp; Tailing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The mRNA produced by IVT has a triphosphate group at the 5\u2019 end, which has strong immunogenicity, necessitating capping and tailing modifications in industrial production. KACTUS offers\u00a0Vaccinia Capping Enzyme\u00a0and\u00a0mRNA Cap 2\u00b4-O-Methyltransferase\u00a0needed for capping modifications, as well as\u00a0E.coli Poly(A) Polymerase\u00a0required for tailing modifications. To precisely quantify important indicators such as &#8220;capping rate&#8221; and &#8220;Poly(A) tail product length,&#8221; they have carefully established an LC-MS platform and developed mature mass spectrometry detection methods to control the release of enzyme products by batch. They can also provide capping rate and tailing determination services according to your needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Available Products:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791822&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=Vaccinia\">Vaccinia Capping Enzyme, GMP-Grade<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791817&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=O-Methyltransferase\">mRNA Cap 2\u00b4-O-Methyltransferase, GMP-Grade<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791827&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=Polymerase\">E.coli Poly(A) Polymerase<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/cdn\/shop\/files\/Capping_Combined.png?v=1696286049&amp;width=1000\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:608px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 4. mRNA is capped with Cap1 structure using\u00a0Vaccinia Capping Enzyme\u00a0and\u00a0mRNA Cap 2\u00b4-O-Methyltransferase\u00a0from KACTUS. The capping rate is 95.16% detected via their LC-MS platform. (Note: The capping rate is related to the performance of the enzyme and factors such as the secondary structure of mRNA.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/products\/mrna-cap-2-o-methyltransferase-gmp-grade-gmp-meh-ve101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a>Enzymes for circRNA In Vitro Synthesis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Linear mRNA obtained from IVT can be further circularised to obtain circRNA. The circularisation methods include Type I intron self-splicing, Type II intron self-splicing, T4 RNA Ligase, etc. KACTUS provides\u00a0T4 RNA Ligase I,\u00a0T4 RNA Ligase II, and\u00a0RNase R\u00a0for in vitro RNA circularisation and purification processing of circRNA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Available Products:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791836&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=T4%20RNA%20Ligase\">T4 RNA Ligase I<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791837&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=T4%20RNA%20Ligase\">T4 RNA Ligase II<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/product_detail.php?CI_ID=1791832&amp;group_1=All&amp;group_2=All&amp;supplier=154&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=RNase%20R\">RNase R<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/cdn\/shop\/files\/RNaseR1.png?v=1677592580&amp;width=1604\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:349px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kactusbio.com\/cdn\/shop\/files\/RNaseR2.png?v=1677592647&amp;width=1756\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:384px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"clear has-small-font-size\">Figure 5. RNase R digests linear RNA (left) without affect circRNA (right).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);background-color:#21318f;color:#21318f\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/\">Caltag Medsystems\u00a0<\/a>is the distributor of\u00a0KACTUS products in the UK and Ireland. If you have any questions about these products, please\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/contact.php\">contact us<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KACTUS have used their SAMS\u2122 protein production platform to develop high-quality enzymes for in vitro synthesis of mRNA (GMP-Grade &#038; GMP-Ready).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":11448,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[987,1,93],"tags":[923,976,994],"class_list":["post-11572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enzymes","category-general-information","category-rna","tag-enzymes","tag-kactus","tag-rna-production"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11572"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11572\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11685,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11572\/revisions\/11685"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11448"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}