{"id":4144,"date":"2024-09-03T15:45:27","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T15:45:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/?p=4144"},"modified":"2025-04-25T16:28:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T16:28:45","slug":"non-classical-mhc-tetramers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/non-classical-mhc-tetramers\/","title":{"rendered":"HLA-E Non-classical MHC Tetramers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Non-classical Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules are non-polymorphic proteins implicated in both innate and adaptive immune responses.<sup>1,2<\/sup>\u00a0While classical MHCs present antigens to CD8+\/CD4+ cells for further immune processing, non-classical MHCs also mediate activation or inhibition in natural killer (NK) cells.<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0MBL offers MHC tetramers against HLA-E targets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HLA-E<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E) is a non-classical MHC class Ib molecule, expressed ubiquitously in humans. These molecules are key players in the innate and acquired immune response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"844\" height=\"834\" src=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4147\" style=\"width:244px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b.png 844w, https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b-300x296.png 300w, https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b-768x759.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>HLA-E is recognised by the CD92\/NKG2 receptor on NK cells and the T-cell receptor (TCR) on NKT cells. CD92\/NKG2 receptor recognition allows for modulation of cytotoxicity and cytokine release by NK cells<sup>1<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HLA-E molecules are involved in the presentation of antigenic peptides to CD8+ T-cells through the \u03b1\u03b2 TCRs<sup>1<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HLA-E molecules present microbial-derived peptides from human viruses or bacteria<sup>1<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HLA-E molecules function as restriction elements for specific T-cell mediated responses against pathogens such as mycobacteria, the Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)<sup>1<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>HLA-E is a key research target in combating disease conditions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>HLA-E could potentially interact with HIV-1 gag\/Capsid protein p24-derived peptide allowing HIV-1 to evade immune surveillance<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HLA-E interacts with SARS-CoV-2 S\/Spike protein S1 derived peptide on the lung epithelial cell surface leading to exhaustion of NK cells and dampening of anti-viral immune surveillance<sup>3<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Two functional HLA-E alleles have been observed: HLA-E*01:01 and HLA-E*01:03.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MBL offers HLA-E tetramers comprised of human class I HLA-E*01:03 and epitope peptides derived from the HLA-A leader. The tetramer allows for the detection of HLA-E*01:03-restricted HLA-A leader<sub>3-11<\/sub>-specific NK cells and CD8<sup>+<\/sup>&nbsp;T cells by flow cytometry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"618\" src=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b-2-1024x618.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4146\" style=\"width:408px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b-2-1024x618.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b-2-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b-2-768x464.png 768w, https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-content\/uploads\/NK-T-Cells-HLA-E_and_Qa-1b-2.png 1042w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons clear is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/pricing_ordering\/?group_1=All&amp;group_2=61&amp;supplier=10&amp;clonality=All&amp;host=All&amp;species=All&amp;applications=All&amp;regulatory_status=All&amp;searchwords=HLA-E\" style=\"color:#fbc100;background-color:#21318f\"><strong>See all HLA-E Tetramers<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Research Highlights<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>HLA-E was researched extensively in 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H Yang et al. demonstrated that invitro generation HIV-1 Gag-specific, HLA-E restricted CD8+ T cell clones were possible from na\u00efve T-cells derived from HIV-1 negative individuals. The generated clones suppressed HIV-1-infected CD4+ target cells. This study suggests the design of a human CMV vector-based vaccine against HIV.<sup>4<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H. Vietzen et al. demonstrated that an increased frequency of the heterozygous HLA-E*0101\/0103 variant was seen in patients who displayed severe COVID-19 progression as compared to the homozygous HLA-E*0101 allele. It was also shown that NKG2C-derived NK cell responses may play a key role in virus infection and COVID-19 severity.<sup>5<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Soci\u00e9 G, et al. Immune Biology of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: 19-38 (2013)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Natterman J, et al. Antiviral Therapy 10(1): 95-107 (2005)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bortolotti D, et al. Cells 9(9): 1975 (2020)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yang H, et al. Science Immunology 6(57) (2021)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vietzen H, et al. Genetics in Medicine 23: 963-967 (2021)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#21318f;color:#21318f\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Information originally posted on: <a href=\"https:\/\/mblintl.com\/hla-e-qa-1b-2\">https:\/\/mblintl.com\/hla-e-qa-1b-2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/\">Caltag Medsystems&nbsp;<\/a>is the distributor of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/mbl\/\">MBL&nbsp;<\/a>products in the UK and Ireland. If you have any questions about these products, please&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/contact.php\">contact us<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Non-classical Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules are non-polymorphic proteins implicated in both innate and adaptive immune responses.1,2\u00a0While classical MHCs present antigens to CD8+\/CD4+ cells for further immune processing, non-classical MHCs also mediate activation or inhibition in natural killer (NK) cells.3\u00a0MBL<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[931,67,930,932,105],"class_list":["post-4144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general-information","category-tetramer","tag-hla-e","tag-mbl-international","tag-non-classical-mhc","tag-qa-1b","tag-tetramers"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4144","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4144"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4144\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12195,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4144\/revisions\/12195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4144"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4144"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caltagmedsystems.co.uk\/information\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}